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A bead is a small, decorative object that is formed in a variety of shapes and dimensions of a material such as stone, bone, cover, glass, plastic, wood or pearl and with a tiny hole for threading or stringing. Beads range in size from under 1 millimetre (0. 039 in) to over 1 centimetre (0. 39 in) in diameter. A pair of beads made from Nassarius sea snail shells, approximately 100, 000 years old, are thought to be the first known examples of jewellery.[1][2] Beadwork is the art or craft of making things with beads. Beads can be woven collectively with specialized thread, put onto thread or gentle, flexible wire, or adhered to a surface (e. g. fabric, clay).Beads can be divided into several types of overlapping categories based on different criteria like the materials that they are made, the process utilized in their manufacturing, the place or period of origin, the patterns on their surface, or their general form. In some cases, such as millefiori and cloisonné beads, multiple categories may overlap in an interdependent fashion.ComponentsBeads can be made of many different materials. The earliest beads were made of a number of natural materials which, once they were gathered, could be readily drilled and shaped. As humans became effective at acquiring and working with more difficult materials, those materials were added to the range of available substances. But nowadays synthetic materials were added.In modern production, the most frequent bead materials are wood, plastic, glass, metallic, and stone.Natural materialsBeads continue to be made from many naturally occurring materials, both organic (i. e., of animal- or use of plant origin) and inorganic (purely mineral origin). Nevertheless , many of these materials now routinely go through some extra processing past mere shaping and going such as color improvement via dyes or irradiation.The natural organics include bone, coral, horn, off white, seeds (such as tagua nuts), animal shell, and wood. For nearly all of history pearls were the ultimate valuable beads of natural origin because of their rarity; the modern pearl-culturing process has made them much more common. Amber and jet are also of natural natural origin although both are the result of partial fossilization.The particular natural inorganics include various types of stones, ranging from gemstones to common minerals, and metals. Of the latter, just a few important metals occur in genuine forms, but other filtered base metals may as well be placed in this category along with certain naturally occurring alloys such as electrum. Right now there are also paper beads.A variety of subtypes of glass are actually used for beadmaking, many of which have their own component-specific names. Lead amazingly beads have a high percentage of lead oxide in the glass formula, increasing the refractive index. Most of the other named cup types have their formulations and patterns inseparable from the manufacturing process. Out there of all the artistry and crafts activities and stations in our makerspace, Perler beads (also called hama or melty beads) are by far one of the most popular activities. This board is filled with tons of patterns and inspiration for amazing Perler bead tasks. The best part - students get to take what they finished home with them.

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